This study aims to identify and rank the key factors influencing the talent identification of skilled sports referees using the Analytic Network Process (ANP). The research is descriptive-analytical in nature and was conducted quantitatively. Data were collected through library studies and pairwise comparison questionnaires from 50 experts in the field of sports refereeing. The results revealed that four main factors—experience, decision-making skills, personality traits, and physical fitness—are the most critical criteria for identifying talented sports referees. The ANP model examined the interrelationships between these factors and demonstrated that experience with a weight of 35% has the most significant impact on referee identification, followed by decision-making skills (28%), personality traits (22%), and physical fitness (15%). The findings indicate that experienced referees not only have a better understanding of game conditions but also possess the ability to manage complex situations and make quicker, more accurate decisions. Additionally, cognitive and decision-making skills, personality traits such as stress management and self-confidence, and adequate physical fitness are other key factors in referees' success. This research suggests that referee training programs should focus on strengthening these four criteria to enhance the quality and fairness of sports officiating. The results of this study can significantly assist sports federations and educational institutions in improving the processes of talent identification, selection, and training of referees.